Mysql二进制安装与备份的全过程记录_Mysql_

[root@localhost mysql]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz --2021-05-04 20:34:21-- https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz Resolving downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.14 Connecting to downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)|137.254.60.14|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [following] --2021-05-04 20:34:23-- https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 223.119.236.209 Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|223.119.236.209|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 661718255 (631M) [application/x-tar-gz] Saving to: ‘mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz' mysql-5.7.33-linux- 100%[================>] 631.06M 11.3MB/s in 57s 2021-05-04 20:35:21 (11.0 MB/s) - ‘mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz' saved [661718255/661718255] 

[root@localhost mysql]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql 

[root@localhost mysql]# tar xf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local 

[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql [root@localhost local]# ls apache apr-util etc include lib64 mysql share apr bin games lib libexec sbin src 

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ [root@localhost local]# ll drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 五月 4 20:40 mysql 

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH [root@localhost mysql]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh [root@localhost mysql]# which mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql 

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/mysql_data [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql_data/ [root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 五月 4 20:58 mysql_data 

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql_data/ //初始化 控制mysql的用户 数据存放目录 2021-05-04T13:01:07.403961Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2021-05-04T13:01:07.683107Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2021-05-04T13:01:07.739366Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2021-05-04T13:01:07.746720Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: caa21b8a-acd8-11eb-b7ab-000c294bb269. 2021-05-04T13:01:07.747895Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2021-05-04T13:01:09.096727Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2021-05-04T13:01:09.485357Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q_UG8?3sa/l% [root@localhost mysql]# vim password q_UG8?3sa/l% 

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] basedir = /usr/local/mysql //程序位置 datadir = /opt/mysql_data //数据存放位置 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock //文件套接字位置 port = 3306 //端口 pid-file = /opt/mysql_data/mysql.pid //进程文件位置 user = mysql //用户 skip-name-resolve //跳过域名解析，即直接在内网使用ip连接数据库 

[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/mysql_data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# head -47 /etc/init.d/mysqld |tail -2 basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/opt/mysql_data [root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'. SUCCESS! [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. To see services enabled on particular target use 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@localhost mysql]# ss -anlt State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:443 *:* LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* 

[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf /usr/local/mysql/lib [root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig //重新读取配置文件 

[root@localhost local]# mysql -uroot -p mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory //缺少包 [root@localhost local]# dnf provides libncurses.so.5 //查看包所依赖的类库 Warning: failed loading '/etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server.repo', skipping. ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility libraries Repo : baseos Matched from: Provide : libncurses.so.5 [root@localhost local]# dnf -y install ncurses-compat-libs [root@localhost local]# cat password /sdjtceDy7F7 [root@localhost local]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.33 Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>

/etc/my.cnf --> /etc/mysql/my.cnf --> --default-extra-file=/PATH/TO/CONF_FILE --> ~/.my.cnf

     mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables ...]                                                //备份数据表     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]                                    //备份全部数据库     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]            //备份某个数据库     -uUSERNAME      //指定数据库用户名     -hHOST          //指定服务器主机，请使用ip地址     -pPASSWORD      //指定数据库用户的密码     -P#             //指定数据库监听的端口，这里的#需用实际的端口号代替

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p --all-databases > /mysql_dump/all_20210504.sql Enter password: [root@localhost ~]# ls /mysql_dump/ all_20210504.sql 

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p --databases hanao > /mysql_dump/hanao_db_20210504.sql Enter password: [root@localhost ~]# ls /mysql_dump/ all_20210504.sql hanao_db_20210504.sql 

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p hanao student > /mysql_dump/student_table_20210504.sql Enter password: [root@localhost ~]# ls /mysql_dump/ all_20210504.sql hanao_db_20210504.sql student_table_20210504.sql 

mysql> use hanao Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database
                
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