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mariadb的主从复制、主主复制、半同步复制配置详解_mariadb_

2023-05-27 434人已围观

简介 mariadb的主从复制、主主复制、半同步复制配置详解_mariadb_

主从服务器的时间要同步,数据库版本最好是一致的,以免造成函数处理、日志读取、日志解析等发生异常。

以下三个主从复制的设置是独立的。

注意防火墙和selinux的影响。

1、简单主从复制的实现

(1)主服务器的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下内容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1 (id号不能跟从服务器相同)
    log-bin = master-log (自定义二进制日志文件名)

3)授权可以复制本地数据库信息的主机

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service (启动mariadb server) [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.1.51.%' identified by 'replpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G (查看主服务器的状态信息,在从服务器中要用到) *************************** 1. row *************************** File: master-log.000003 (正在使用的二进制日志文件) Position: 497 (所处的位置) Binlog_Do_DB: Binlog_Ignore_DB: 

(2)从服务器的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下内容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2 (id号不能跟主服务器相同)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定义二进制日志文件名)

3)设置要从哪个主服务器的那个位置开始同步

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.1.51.60',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpasswd',master_log_file='master-log.000003',master_log_pos=497; MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; (启动复制功能) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G (查看从服务器的状态,下面显示的是部分内容) Master_Host: 10.1.51.60 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 497 Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 530 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Master_Server_Id: 1 

(3)测试

1)在主服务器导入事先准备好的数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysql < hellodb.sql

2)在从服务器查看是否同步

 MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hellodb |(数据库已经同步) | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb; MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables; (hellodb数据库的表也是同步的) +-------------------+ | Tables_in_hellodb | +-------------------+ | classes | | coc | | courses | | scores | | students | | teachers | | toc | +-------------------+ 

2、双主复制的实现

(1)服务器1的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下内容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1 (id号不能跟从服务器相同)
    log-bin = master-log (自定义主服务器的二进制日志文件名)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定义从服务器的二进制日志文件名)
    auto_increment_offset = 1
    auto_increment_increment = 2

3)在服务器2上查看的master状态

 MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** File: master-log.000003 Position: 422 Binlog_Do_DB: Binlog_Ignore_DB: 

4)启动mariadb server并进行如下配置

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.1.51.%' identified by 'replpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.1.51.50',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpasswd',master_log_file='master-log.000003',master_log_pos=422; MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G (仅是部分内容) Master_Host: 10.1.51.50 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 422 Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 530 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Master_Server_Id: 2 

(2)服务器2的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2
    relay-log = slave-log
    lob-bin = master-log
    auto_increment_offset = 2
    auto_increment_increment = 2

3)在服务器1查看master状态

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: master-log.000003
        Position: 245
    Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:

4)启动mariadb server并配置

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.1.51.%' identified by 'replpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.1.51.60',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpasswd',master_log_file='master-log.000003',master_log_pos=245; MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G (仅是部分内容) Master_Host: 10.1.51.60 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 422 Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 530 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Master_Server_Id: 1 

(3)测试

1)在任意一台服务器上创建mydb数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> create database mydb;

2)在另一台服务器上查看

 MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mydb | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 

3、半同步复制的实现

(1)在主服务器上的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1
    log-bin = master-log

3)授权可以复制本地数据库信息的主机

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service (启动mariadb server) [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.1.51.%' identified by 'replpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G (查看主服务器的状态信息,在从服务器中要用到) *************************** 1. row *************************** File: master-log.000003 (正在使用的二进制日志文件) Position: 245 (所处的位置) Binlog_Do_DB: Binlog_Ignore_DB: 

4)安装rpl semi sync_master插件,并启用

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so'; MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = ON; 

补充:

MariaDB [(none)]> show plugins;(可查看插件是否激活)
MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like 'rpl_semi%';(可查看安装的插件是否启用)
MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like '%semi%';(可查看从服务器的个数,此时是0个)

(2)从服务器的配置

1)安装mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)编辑/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下内容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2 (id号不能跟主服务器相同)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定义二进制日志文件名)

3)设置要从哪个主服务器的那个位置开始同步

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.1.51.60',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpasswd',master_log_file='master-log.000003',master_log_pos=245; 

4)安装rpl semi sync_slave插件并启用

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so'; MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = ON; MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; 

完成上面配置后,可以在主服务器上查看半同步复制的相关信息,命令如下:

 MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like '%semi%'; Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients 1 (从服务器有一台) 

(3)测试

测试以个人实际情况而定
1)在主服务器上导入事先准备好的数据库hellodb.sql

MariaDB [hellodb]> source /root/hellodb.sql;

2)在主服务器上查看半同步复制的状态

 MariaDB [hellodb]> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | master-log.000003 | 8102 | | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ MariaDB [hellodb]> show global status like '%semi%'; +--------------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------------+-------+ | Rpl_semi_sync_master_clie
                
                

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